病例翻譯-體檢之神經(jīng)、骨骼和肌肉中英文表達(dá)
體檢（神經(jīng)、骨骼和肌肉）[Physical examination(nerve,skeleton and muscle)]
·痛（空間、觸、視、震動(dòng)、實(shí)體、立體、姿勢(shì)、光、運(yùn)動(dòng)、味、溫、色、平衡）[pain (space, tactil, visual, vibratory, strereognostic, proprioceptive, posture, light, kinesthetic, taste, thermic, color, equilibrium) sense]
·關(guān)節(jié)覺[arthresthesia]
·震動(dòng)覺[seismesthesia]
·復(fù)合感覺[synaesthesia]
·聽（位置，嗅）覺[sense of hearing (position, smell)]
·感覺異常（缺失，過敏，減退）[abnormal sensation (anesthesia, hyperesthesia, hypoesthesia)]
·半身感覺缺失[hemisensory defect]
·感覺遲鈍（錯(cuò)亂）[dysesthesia (paresthesia)]
·感覺障礙（異常）[sensory disturbance (paraesthesia)]
·感覺正常[intact sensation (euesthesia)]
·痛覺過敏（減退）[hyperalgia (hypoalgia)]
·痛覺缺失[alganesthesia (analgesia)]
·嗅覺遲鈍（減退，過敏）[amblyaphia (hypopselaphesia, hyperpselaphesia)]
·束帶狀感覺[girdle sensation]
·蟻?zhàn)吒衃formication (creeping sensation)]
·癱瘓（偏癱、單癱、截癱、四肢癱）[paralysis (hemiplegia, monoplegia, 礙paraplegia, quadriplegia)]
·軟（硬）癱[soft (stiff) paralysis]
·周圍（中樞）性癱[peripheral (central) paralysis]
·輕癱[paresis]
·交叉性（同向性）癱[alternate (cojugate) paralysis]
·交叉癱[crossed paralysis]
·痙攣性（弛緩性、癔病性、小兒）癱（麻痹）[spastic (flaccid, hysterial, infantile) paralysis]
·重癥肌無力[bulbospinal paralysis]
·撲翼樣震顫[asterixis]
·手足搐搦[tetany]
·共濟(jì)失調(diào)[ataxia]
·手足徐動(dòng)癥[athetosis]
·舞蹈樣運(yùn)動(dòng)[choreiform movement (chorea)]
·肌顫[muscular fibrillation]
·肌陣攣[myoclonus]
·震顫麻痹[paralysis agitans (shaking palsy,Parkison`s disease)]
·顫動(dòng)[tremor (twitch)]
·隨意運(yùn)動(dòng)[voluntary movement]
·肌力正常（減退）[muscular power (myodynamia, myosthemic) is normal (decreased)]
·肌力消失[loss of power]
·左上肢肌力III度[3 degree in the left upper extrimity]
·肌無力[weakness of the muscle (amyosthenia, myasthenia)]
·肌張力減低[hypomyotonia (decreased muscular tone)]
· 痙攣性（強(qiáng)直性）肌張力增高[spastic (tonic) hypermyotonia (hypertonia of the muscle, increased muscular tone)]
·肌弛緩（肌張力缺失）[amyotonia]
·折刀現(xiàn)象[clasp knife]
·齒輪樣強(qiáng)直[cogwheel rigidity]
·肌陣攣（痙攣）[muscular clonus (spasm)]
·搖擺（蹣跚、剪刀形、鴨走形、酒醉小腦病、搖曳、慌張）步態(tài)[swaying (reeling, scissors, waddling, drunken, cerebella, cow, festinating)gait]
·共濟(jì)失調(diào)（共濟(jì)運(yùn)動(dòng)，共濟(jì)失調(diào)步態(tài)）[incoordination (coordinated movement, afaxic gait)]
·跛行步態(tài)（間歇性跛行）[claudication gait (intermittent claudication)]
·閉目難立試驗(yàn)（陽性，陰性）[Romberg`s sign (positive, negative)]
·摸空征[carphology]
·指鼻（指-指）試驗(yàn)[finger-nose(finger) test]
·輪替動(dòng)作[alternate motion]
·跟膝脛試驗(yàn)[heel-knee-tibia test]
·生理（病理）反射[physiologic (pathologic) reflex]
·角膜（張口，結(jié)膜，咽，腭，眼瞼，咳嗽，吞咽，對(duì)光，瞳孔）反射[corneal (gag, conjunctival, pharyngeal, palatal, lid, cough, deglutition, light, pupillary) reflex]
·腹壁反射[abdominal wall reflex]
·提睪（肛門）反射[cremasteric (anal) reflex]
·肱二（三）頭肌反射[biceps (triceps) reflex]
·股二（四）頭肌反射[biceps (quadricels) femories reflex]
·三角?。ㄉ旒。┓瓷鋄deltoid (extensor) feflex]
·抓握（牽拉，吸吮，防御，條件）反射[grasp (stretch, sucking,protective, conditioned) reflex]
·跖（骨膜）反射[plantar (periosteal) reflex]
·跟腱反射[heel-tap (achilles tendon) reflex]
·擁抱反射[clasping (embrace, Moro`s) reflex]
·深（淺）反射[deep (superficial) reflex]
·壓眶反射[reaction to pressure on the supraocular notch]
·橈骨膜反射[radioperiosteal reflex]
·膝（跟腱）反射[knee (achilles) jerk]
·反射活動(dòng)協(xié)調(diào)[coordination of reflex action (activity)]
·反射亢進(jìn)（減弱，消失）[hyperreflexia (hyporeflexia, areflexia)]
·亢進(jìn)的[hypractive (increased, exaggerated)]
·減弱的[hypoactive (decreased, diminished)]
·消失的[absent (disappeared)]
·可疑的[questionable (equivocal)]
·跟（髕，趾，腕）陣攣[ankle (patella, toe, wrist) clonus]
·巴彬斯基（克尼格，奧本海姻，霍夫曼）征[Babinski (Kernig, Oppenheim, Hoffman) sign]
·拉塞格（布魯金，戈登，查多克，崗達(dá)）征[Lasegue (Brudzinski, Gordon, Chaddock, Bonoda) sign]
·眼-心（豎毛）反射[oculo-cardiac (pilomotor) reflex]
·皮膚劃痕征[dermographism]
·腦膜刺激征[sign of meningeal irritation]
·頸強(qiáng)直[stiff-neck]
·陽性（陰性）[postive (negative)]
·未引出[be not found (discovered, elicited)]
·失語（聲）[aphasia (aphony)]
·言語緩慢（不清）[bradylalia (barylalia)]
·口吃（聲嘶）[stuttering (hoarseness)]
·外展（內(nèi)收）[abduction (adduction)]
·脊柱后（前，側(cè)，前側(cè)，后側(cè)）凸[kyphosis (lordosis, scoliosis, lordoscoliosis, scoliokyphosis)]
·屈曲（前曲，背曲，腹側(cè)屈曲）[flexion (anteflexion, dorsiflexion, ventriflexion)]
·旋轉(zhuǎn)（旋前，旋后）[rotation (pronation, supination)]
·伸直（前彎，后彎，側(cè)彎）[extension (forward bending, backward bending, lateral bending)]
·膝內(nèi)（外）翻[genua varum (valgum)]
·髖內(nèi)（外）翻[coxa vara (valga)]
·足內(nèi)（外）翻[pes varus (valgus)]
·X（O）形腿[deformed X(O)-shaped leg]
·駝背[humpback (kyphosis, rachiocyphosis)]
·多（并）指[polydactylia (syndactyly)]
·關(guān)節(jié)僵硬[ankylosis (stiff-joint)]
·骨性強(qiáng)直[bony ankylosis]
·爪（扇）形手[claw (sector) hand]
·肢端肥大[acromegaly]
·杵狀指[clubbing (clubbed finger)]
·跛行[limping]
·平足[flat foot (pes planus)]
·靜脈曲張[varicose vein]
·靜脈（蜂窩織）炎[phlebitis (cellulitis)]
·活動(dòng)受限[limitation of motion]
·干（濕）性壞疽[dry (moist) gangrene]
·垂腕[wrist drop]
·梭形關(guān)節(jié)[fusiform articulus]
·浮髕現(xiàn)象[floating patella phenomenon]
·橡皮腫[elephantedema]
·肌萎縮[muscle atrophy]
·瘺管形成[sinus tract formation]
·蹼指（趾）[palmature and webbed toe]
·關(guān)節(jié)攣縮[contracture of joint]
·凹陷（非凹陷）性水腫[pitting (non-pitting) edema]
·關(guān)節(jié)變形（融合）[joint deformity (fusion)]
·關(guān)節(jié)全（半）脫位[complete dislocation (subluxation of joint)]
·關(guān)節(jié)腫大（腫脹）[arthrocele (arthroncus)]
·關(guān)節(jié)活動(dòng)障礙[articular dyskinesia]
【責(zé)任編輯：博朗】